Cross Border Terrorism And Kashmir - 2322 Words

Cross border terrorism in Kashmir Since the beginning, Pakistan’s two nations theory that The Hindu and Muslim cannot stay together in one umbrella, led to partition of India and birth of Pakistan. Jammu Kashmir as an unfinished agenda of partition and consider that being Muslim majority state contiguous with its territory should be part of Pakistan. After losing three battle (in 1947-48, 1965, 1971 and Kargil conflict in 1999) on the name of the accession of Jammu and Kashmir with Pakistan, they failed. Pakistan very well knows that in conventional war they will never accession Jammu and Kashmir; they approached the low conflict intensity war with India by using sub-national actors as a relatively cheap and easy way to keep Indian forces to tie down and to balance the conventional asymmetry, for which even death is a laser price to pay. Former Pakistan’s foreign minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, in a fiery speech delivered at UN Security Council, condemned India’s aggression and declared his nati ons intend to â€Å"fight for thousand years.† Zia’s policy took shape after General Zia-ul-Haq had deposed Bhutto in coup in July 1977, assuming the office of President of Pakistan, he embarked on a new policy to promote terrorism in India through ‘a thousand cuts in Kashmir.’ The single act has brought a conceptual change in the Terrorism warfare theory where idea terrorism has been used. Radical changes have taken place in the way in which terrorist acts could be committed againstShow MoreRelatedEssay on Kashmir1183 Words   |  5 Pages While hearing either on the news or through news flashes on the internet of the strife taking place in Kashmir, I understood the war between Pakistan and Indian to be about who was going to own the land in between. This war between the two countries goes much deeper than just real estate. Through research I have learned about the different aspects of what created such hostility between Pakistan and Indian. The dynamics of such hostilities are made up of a need for power, religious belief’s andRead MoreIndia s Relations Between India And Pakistan973 Words   |  4 Pagesand Pakistan have been discreet rivals. This was made known to the rest of the world in the year of 1998, when each country conducted nuclear tests in an effort to deter the other. In May of 1998, India conducted 5 underground nuclear tests near the border of Pakistan. Pakistan retaliated with six tests of their own in response. These actions were highly criticized by the international community as fears of a n uclear confrontation grew. In this case study, history serves as the â€Å"architect of the presentRead MoreEssay about Kashmir Conflict4887 Words   |  20 Pagesconflicts. A particular conflict still in stalemate today is the Kashmir conflict between the Republic of India and Pakistan. Since the British granted independence to India and Pakistan in 1947 there has been much contention as to where the partition should be in the Kashmir and Jammu region. The newborn states of India and Pakistan (East and West) were created along religious lines in fear of Hindu subjugation of the Muslim minority. Kashmir in this sense is a perplexing issue since it is a poly-ethnicRead MoreTaking a Look at the Kashmir Conflict2667 Words   |  11 Pages INTRODUCTION The Kashmir Conflict has been an ongoing battle between India and Pakistan for decades. At its very basis, it is a territorial dispute between the governments of India and Pakistan and Kashmiri insurgent groups over control of the region of Kashmir. However, at it’s core it is religious quarrel that has been affected by the presence of nuclear weapons and the desire for local autonomy. The potential for peace is a topic still widely debated and rarely agreed upon by scholars. ThroughRead MorePolicy In Pakistan997 Words   |  4 PagesUS policy in Pakistan largely centres around expending military aid to combat regional terrorism and facilitate peace in Afghanistan. However, it has hardly achieved any tangible results. The Pakistani army, which supersedes it’s elected government, diverted these funds towards anti-India terror factions for covert proxy wars due to it’s historic rivalry with India. These terror factions carried out the Mumbai terror attacks in 2008, attracting censure from Pakistan’s civilians and internationalRead MoreInternal Terrorism in India5989 Words   |  24 PagesIntroduction 01 Chronology of major incidents 04 †¢ Western india 04 †¢ Jammu and kashmir 05 †¢ Northern and Northwestern India 06 †¢ Northeastern india 10 †¢ South india 13 †¢ Challenges before India’s Internal Security 14 Internal strategy 16 â€Æ' Introduction Internal terrorism has been an ugly scene in India probably for as long as we have known. The independence war saw the nation split into two partsRead MoreForeign Secretary Level Talks : India s Prime Minister Essay797 Words   |  4 Pagesprologue both fractious and pinned by testy cross-border rhetoric. All that has changed now, at least on the surface. After Modi pleasantly surprised Pakistan by gatecrashing P.M Nawaz Sharif’s birthday party on December 25, there is hope for a new era, or at least one that sidesteps divisive populism. Foreign Secretary-level talks should begin on January 15 in Islamabad to roadmap a new composite dialogue on all outstanding issues including Kashmir. That is good news, no matter how you spin itRead MoreA Role For India In Afghanistan727 Words   |  3 Pagestwo countries. Russia is also aligned with Afghanistan with strategic partnership and also with China are red alert for Americans as per the fear of communist expansion. China is also encouraging the Pakistan to continue state patronage of cross border terrorism. Beijing also focuses to make India on its bay to keep control over Pakistan by sidelining the enemy. Conclusion and Recommendations As an active member of SAARC it is Indias most important aspect that it would counter the growing influenceRead MoreForeign Secretary Level Talks : India s Prime Minister820 Words   |  4 Pagesprologue both exhausting and marred by testy cross-border rhetoric. All that has changed now, at least on the surface. After Modi pleasantly surprised Pakistan by gatecrashing P.M Nawaz Sharif’s birthday party on December 25, there is hope for a new era, or at least one that sidesteps divisive populism. Foreign Secretary-level talks should begin on January 15 in Islamabad to roadmap a new composite dialogue on all outstanding issues including Kashmir. That is good news, no matter how you spin itRead MoreEssay on India and Pakistan- Conflict over Kashmir2032 Words   |  9 PagesIn late 1947, the newly created states of India and Pakistan went to war over the valley of Kashmir. A United Nations brokered ceasefire divided the state into Indian and Pakistani controlled territories, and resolved that a referendum would be held in which the people of Kashmir would be able to choose to join either country. The referendum has not been held to this day. India granted its portion of Kashmir a special status within its constitution, allowing for a great degree of self-autonomy. However

Essay on Western Movies Since 1960 - 2820 Words

A NOT-SO-ACCURATE prophet once wrote, quot;As recently as 1972, there were a tremendous number of quality Westerns being made . . . and since there seems to be a ten-year cycle in Western movie making, Id say well see more in about 1982.quot; 1 In 1982 only two Westerns were released, and neither was exactly a major success. Barbarosa, starring Willie Nelson, drew some respectable reviews–and some very damaging ones–but nobody went to see the film. The Ballad of Gregorio Cortez appeared first on PBS television, then later went into general release. Today the Western seems to be deader than the California Med-fly. Critics and aficionados of the form can only hear, as with Arnolds sea of faith, its long receding roar. Everything†¦show more content†¦? Obviously it couldnt. For all subsequent generations, then, the Western has to be rediscovered, like some store of ancient literature one studies in school. Reviewing the last twenty-five years of the Western, 1960–1985, is salutary for both aficionados and novices. The sixties began with a great film done in the sparest, most austere classical manner, Budd Boettichers Comanche Station (1960). The last of the Renown cycle of seven films that Boetticher made with Randolph Scott, Comanche Station reduces the elements of the journey Western to create one of its purest expressions ever. Scott is an aging knight, a man quot;always alone in Comanche country,quot; who, reminiscent of John Waynes searcher, hunts endlessly for his wife, taken ten years previously by the Comanches. He buys a woman out of captivity–not his wife, of course, whom he will never find–and escorts her back to her husband. The journey pits him against a charming, evil adversary (Claude Akins), and the trip becomes the occasion for a moral dialectic of the kind for which the Western seems the perfect vehicle. In the end the villain adopts Scotts code, dying honorably, and Scott delivers the wife to her husband. He turns out to be a blind man, a fact that surprises and pleases because all through the film we have worried, along with Scott, about what kind of man would leave such a woman to anothers care. It is a great film, and anybody wanting to know what the old-time Western wasShow MoreRelatedTHE FORGOTTEN HISTORY OF THE WESTERN CINEMA1400 Words   |  6 PagesTHE FORGOTTEN HISTORY OF THE WESTERN CINEMA The western movies are film genre where the scene generally takes place in North America during the American conquest of the West in the last decades of the nineteenth century. This genre appears since the invention of the cinema in 1985 finding its inspiration from literature and painting arts of the American Wild West. This genre reached its first success in the mid-twentieth century during the golden age of Hollywood studios, before it had being reinventedRead More John Wayne as an American Icon Essay1322 Words   |  6 Pagesfootball scholarship from 1925-27. During this time, Tom Mix, a friend of John’s, got him a job as a prop man for a director by the name of John Ford. Ford and Wayne became close friends and Ford used Wayne for small parts in some of his movies. Then finally in 1930, Ford suggested to Raoul Walsh that Wayne star in The Big Trail. The film bombed, but it was a start to Wayne’s career as an actor in leading roles. Wayne’s first feature film was also in 1930. It was titled Men Without WomenRead MoreWhat It Means To Be An American Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pagespopular, art, film, and literature, the American image is defined as being based on embracing our individual identities. Movies are a perfect way to express the image of America. Movies are the mixture of art, music, and literature, containing words like a book, sounds like music, and images like art. This trinity of expression helps illustrate the picture of the individual. The western genre of film is a perfect example of this. The old west was a place that was dangerous and uncompromising. The landRead MoreThe Science Fiction Film Genre Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesScience Fiction Films The science fiction film genre has been around almost as long as movies have, but like the cinema it is still a fairly young art form. This genre came into existence shortly after the invention of the movie camera in 1888 and has endured for over one-hundred years. Science fiction is adaptive; it changes with the times and this trend can be seen in its incorporation of other genres, cultural history and technology. This essay will attempt to define the genre, chronicle the historyRead MoreMarvel Case1083 Words   |  5 Pagesprojects which makes it harder for new competition to enter. History of the Company: Marvel Entertainment Inc was established in 1930’s and was owned by Martin Goodman. Originally the company started out with detective stories, science fiction, Westerns, crime and horror. It wasn’t until 1939 when the company actually released its Marvel Comics series which featured the Human Torch and Nanor the Sub-Mariner. Comic books actually kept the general public distracted from the depression era withRead MoreGender And Bollywood Music And Film1520 Words   |  7 Pagesthere. Throughout the 1900s, Bollywood was significantly changing and growing. During the 1960s, Bollywood portrayed themes of Indian mafia and the gangster scene, and then in the 1980s and 1990s, it started to revert back to romantic themes. Although Bollywood is based in Mumbai, it is a known industry around the world. Most people have at least heard of the term. This is because Bollywood mixes in many Western influences into its films and music. Bollywood is one of the biggest and largest film industryRead MoreFilm and Soviet Bloc Nations Essay1312 Words   |  6 Pagesthe U.S. film industry? To what degree did the decision alter the way the industry did business? The Supreme Court ruled against the Hollywood’s monopoly of the film industry of the United States, directing that the production and distribution of movies be separated from movie exhibition practices. The ruling marked the death of studio era and led to numerous changes in film industry decades later. The paramount decision pushed the Twentieth century fox, Big Five studios, MGM, Paramount, RKO andRead MoreThe Music Of The 1940 S1273 Words   |  6 Pagesmuch like television today. Programming included soap operas, quiz shows, children’s hours, mystery stories, drama and sports. Kate Smith and Arthur Godfrey were popular radio hosts. The government relied heavily on radio for propaganda. Like the movies, radio faded in popularity as television became prominent. Many of the most popular radio shows continued on in television, including Red Skelton, Abbott and Costello, Jack Benny, Bob Hope and Truth or Consequences. Although my grandmotherRead MoreHistory Of Indian Cinema. When We Talk About History, We1524 Words   |  7 Pagesmade by Ardeshir Irani, called Alam Ara (1913) and Kisan Kanya (1937) respectively. The period between 1940’s to 1960’s was considered the â€Å"Golden Age† of Bollywood as successful hits like Pyaasa (1957) and Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959) by Guru Dutt, Awaara (1951) and Shree 420 (1955) by Raj Kapoor and Aan (1952) by Dilip Kumar. Many Hollywood films have been inspired by Bollywood. The Western Musical Genre itself is an inspiration from Bollywood. !960’s to 1970’s saw some much appreciated actors whoRead MoreMedia Violence Effects on Society1930 Words   |  8 PagesLove Lucy? The answer is simple, violent content. All media, TV, movies, video games, even some books and radio programs have been getting bloodier and bloodier. Video games are very new and not a lot of information is yet available. Print and radio are difficult to compare to the giant TV and Movie studios. Therefore, effects of media violence are best studied using only TV and movies as the main influence on behavior. TV and movies are getting more and more gruesome. What is the problem? It’s just

Selfishness in The Cider House Rules Essay Example For Students

Selfishness in The Cider House Rules Essay In the film Cider House Rules, rule breaking and deceit are somewhat justifiable acts that the characters use out of selfishness. Homer Wells is an orphan that grew up in an orphanage in Maine in the 1940s. The orphanage was directed by a man named Dr. Wilbur Larch. As Wells grew, Larch took the initiative to take him under his wing and teach him to be an unlicensed, skilled doctor. One ordinary day, Candy Kendall and Wally Worthington arrive at the orphanage for an illegal abortion. Once the procedure is over and they are ready to leave, Wells spontaneously asks for a ride to â€Å"anywhere†. Wells’ curiosity of the world leads him to new experiences. He begins working at an apple orchard where he lives under the â€Å"Cider House Rules†. Worthington is shipped off for war and leaves his fiance at home with Wells. The two begin a fling. Throughout the film Wells shows substantial growth as he is encounters many obstacles. At the end of the film, Wells returns back to the orphanage and takes over, Larch dies, and Candy and Wally remain together. One act of selfish deceit in the film was when Dr. Larch uses forgery to create a fake certificate for Homer as a doctor. He wants to portray Homer as a specimen to take over the orphanage because he knew the change was inevitable. The motive behind Larch’s deceit was to maintain the morale the orphanage withheld, whether it was or was not actually moral. He feared that the choice of the new doctor by the board would be someone who would do away with abortions. Other reasoning, along with the way the children would be treated, was also on Larch’s mind when being deceitful. These reasons were justified internally for Dr. Larch. Eric Fromm, a distinguished writer, psychoanalyst, philosopher, historian, and sociologist of the twentieth century, stated, â€Å"obedience to another person is ipso facto submission needs also to be qualified by distinguishing â€Å"irrational† from â€Å"rational† authority† (Fromm 126). Fromm proceeds to explain the difference between the two. â€Å"An example of rational authority is to be found in the relationship between student and teacher; one of irrational authority in the relationship between slave and master† (Fromm 126). This means that rational authority is the intention that the person under the authority will gain something from the rule. Irrational authority is simply ruling over someone for personal gain. In this particular situation in the film, Dr. Larch is doing what he feels like is rational authoritative move. He is not necessarily in charge of Homer but he is trying to be. Larch feels that laying out a path for Homer would be beneficial for both of their futures. Another example of deceit in the film is when Candy and Homer have sex. Not only does this go against Homer’s initial idea of responsibility, but it also conflicts with the fact that Candy and Wally are in a relationship. Candy, obviously overcome with guilt, in attempt to justify her actions says, â€Å"Wally knows I’m not good at being alone† (CHR). Homer’s attempt to clear his conscious lies in his words, â€Å"This is right† (CHR). Also, Homer seems to justify having impulsive sex with his love for Candy. â€Å"For the prophets, history is the place where man becomes human; during its unfolding he develops his powers of reason and of love until he creates a new harmony between himself, his fellow man, and nature† (Fromm 124). Homer relates to Fromm’s claim because this is one of the first major acts of disobedience he presents. Homer having sex with Candy represents the feeling of him breaking out of ‘’inhuman harmony† and turning into an actual man. Mr. Rose, a supporting role in the film, was an orchard worker who Homer lived with. Mr. Rose had a daughter, Rose, that he raped. Rose became pregnant. After building up the courage to leave, she ran away from the cider house. According to Mr. .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 , .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .postImageUrl , .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 , .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451:hover , .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451:visited , .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451:active { border:0!important; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451:active , .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451 .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u80a4446542db0e6b7027c6ba6db02451:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Comedy of Stephen Crow EssayRose his daughter was armed with a sharp knife and as he reached out to simply â€Å"touch her hand before she left†, she stabbed his stomach. He then proceeded to ask Homer to lie and tell authorities that he stabbed himself out of being distraught from losing another child. It seems that Mr. Rose believes his acts are justifiable because he did lose his children and he feels bad for himself. Doris Lessing, known as the â€Å"best woman novelist† of the postwar era, talks about how belonging to a certain â€Å"group† effects people’s obedience. This mechanism, of obedience to a group, does not only mean obedience or submission to a small group, or one that is sharply determined, like a religion or political party. It means, too, conforming to those large, vague, ill-defined collections of people who may never think of themselves as having a collective mind because are aware of differences of opinion-but which, to people from outside, from another culture, seem very minor† (Lessing 308). This correlates to Mr. Rose because he does not feel like he belongs or is important to any certain group. He does not feel that he is closely being watched. These feelings lead to the assumption that he does not have any rules to follow. Whether or not deceit and rule breaking is justified through the motive behind them, the characters in this movie selfishly seem to think so. Other reasons like lust, with Candy and Homer, and guilt, with Mr. Rose, also tie into the selfishness of their actions. Sometimes people feel bad for themselves and think that they are exempt from normal rule, leaving their acts justifiable.

William Bartram Romantic scientist Essay Example

William Bartram: Romantic scientist Paper The Romanic Age, which took root in the 18th century and extended into the 19th century, inspired trends in art, philosophy, music and literature. Innovators of the movement focused attention on the individual and the power of singular thought, which intimately related Romanticism with the European Enlightenment. It was not enough to privilege the Scientific Method and taxonomy as seats of intellectual power: poets and philosophers were lauding personal imagination, spontaneity, and contemplative mysticism as means to investigate higher concepts. Tales of exotic lands and ancient time periods became en vogue; explorers and naturalists were regarded as oracles to a fuller spiritual life. The relationship between art and nature was most provocatively realized in the figure of William Bartram, the American naturalist whose own poetic work influenced some of the most notable creative figures of the Romantic movement, and thus the lingering Romanticism in contemporary art. Born in Pennsylvania in 1739, Bartram was America’s first native naturalist, and the son of John Bartram. As a child, Bartram was exposed to nature through his father’s travels and the family’s garden; he learned to sketch and cultivate exotic plant specimens. In 1791, his triumphant exploration of North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Tennessee was chronicled in a published text called Travels and Other Writings; in it, Bartram broke new literary and scientific ground by detailing the natural landscape of the southern United States from a personal point of view as well as from a detached, taxonomical framework. We will write a custom essay sample on William Bartram: Romantic scientist specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on William Bartram: Romantic scientist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on William Bartram: Romantic scientist specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The text was â€Å"a source of images ranging from ‘roaring’ alligators and crashing waterfalls to fragrant magnolias and natural fountains throughout the nineteenth century â€Å" (Nichols 305). In this way, Bartram situated himself as an icon of the Romantic Age: he fused art and science, he allowed for creativity and (seemingly) spontaneous personal reaction to inform his writing, and he elevated the study of nature to a spiritual level. Travels and Other Writings enjoyed profound success in Europe, and there, many of the great Romantic poets found themselves inspired by Bartram’s descriptions of the wild, reckless wetlands of Florida and the exotic Native Americans who populated the South and Southeast on the continental United States. â€Å"His direct influence is evident in literary works by Wordsworth, Coleridge, Dorothy Wordsworth, Shelley, John Keats, and many others,† including direct attributions from Coleridge and Wordsworth, who â€Å"went so far as to footnote Bartram in order to record his debt for the image of the fabulous cypress spire† (Nichols 305-6). Bartram brought the myth of the great American frontier to life for European readers, placing in their hands (which most likely rested in comfortable armchairs) tales of natural wonder that was both available and conquerable. This legendary territory was rendered through Bartram’s naturally lyrical language; â€Å"[h]is vivid writing style combined with careful observations to produce powerful images of the natural wonders of the New World† (Nichols 305-6). Bartram fundamentally affected the way the greatest of the Romantic poets interpreted the sublime aspect of Nature, and the way they gained access to the wild American landscape. â€Å"His prose is full of lyrical descriptions, sensuous language, and metaphors worthy of a poet. In addition, his rhetorical technique combines remarkably accurate field observations with an ability to link these details through imaginative and analogical thinking† (Nichols 306). His legacy was perpetuated not only by generations of naturalists and botanists, but by poets and philosophers who continued the creative Romantic movement. His understand of the inherent provocative element of nature inspired others to take the metaphors even further. Works Cited Nichols, Ashton. Roaring Alligators and Burning Tygers: Poetry and Science from William Bartram to Charles Darwin1. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 149. 3 (2005): 304-315.

Surviving Your Crack Head Mother free essay sample

Dealing with your sallow-cheeked skeleton of a crack head mother is a challenge that no child ever wants to face, but if it’s something you must do I’ve learned a few things that can be achieved to keep yourself protected. I am not promising you that it will prevent or stop your perpetual heartache because I am not that naive to believe that it could. I would never intentionally give you the false sense of hope that she might when she gives you that pathetic excuse of how she is trying to get admitted into rehab, but her insurance is giving her problems. Through years of experience I have developed several self-defense mechanisms to guard my heart and make the situation tolerable. The next time she decides to go off on another one of her tangents of rage because she is coming down hard from her high you’ll at least be self-equipped on how to cope with her and this poisonous addiction she has inflicted on you. We will write a custom essay sample on Surviving Your Crack Head Mother or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (NOTE: these advisory steps may only prove helpful when used on your average crack head mommy.). Just like the drug counselors would have told your family if you’ve ever visited her in rehab, the first step is admitting that there is a problem: your beloved mommy dearest is addicted to crack and it’s basically ruining your life. Thoughts of your crack head mom occupy your idle brain and keep you up until one o’clock in the morning crying yourself to sleep because you don’t’ know where she is or if she is even alive. It’s difficult having to be the parent when your still only a child. Her addiction doesn’t have to dictate your life though. If you can find it in yourself to muster up all the courage you have and say the words â€Å"‘ My mother is an undeniable crack addict,’† aloud, you’ll feel relieved. Even though you have probably thought it many times, saying it audibly for yourself to hear makes it a reality. The first time I admitted the truth I stared at my ten year old self in the bathroom mirror from behind teary eyes searching for answers. Why was my mommy hurting me like this? Had she stopped loving me? What had I done wrong? I must’ve cried for at least fifteen minutes straight. Those bittersweet salty tears would not stop streaming down my face and forget about my nose, which had morphed into a high pressure faucet. After I finally calmed down enough to breathe evenly much of the stress and tension had been released. Even if in the past you haven’t been able to believe your very own mother, believe me you will feel so much better after a good therapeutic crying session. Your nose might have to suffer for a day, but if you ask me that is a bargain price to have to pay. Next, you must realize that your mom, when using crack, is not the same mom that you admired from your youthful memories. You know, the mommy who woke you up in the early summer morning with breakfast in bed. The inviting aroma of eggs, bacon, and chocolate chip pancakes filling your nostrils with every inhale making your mouth water uncontrollably. After breakfast you would go to Bowdoin Park to absorb the sun on a gorgeous summer’s day. Then, end the day with a for-no-good-reason shopping spree. The mother who would surprise you by doing little things like that is not the same mother you see seven years later in that clustered apartment of hers at seven o’clock in the morning passed out on the couch. Her ridiculously trampy clothes still on but not quite the right way and one powder white pointed-toe high heel remains on her right foot. Her hair looks like she hasn’t brushed it for days after being stranded in a desert wind storm. Her heavy black eyeliner is s meared and crusted an inch beneath her eyes and that metallic blue eye shadow that she insists on wearing is in chunks on her restless eyelids. All the dumped out contents of her brown leather purse surrounding her on the small black couch. A bunch of singles and small bills randomly spot the living room as if she had thrown what little money she had into the air and tried swimming in it. On the mirror coffee table her license is covered in a milky white film from the tall glass of spilled milk. Next to it on one of the only dry patches of the table is her crack pipe (which, when I made it known later that same day how infuriated I was with her, she simply referred to it by asking, ‘is it [the reason I was angry] because you saw my â€Å"stem†?’ like it were an everyday thing you discuss with your fifteen year old daughter at nine thirty in the morning just an hour before she has to leave for work.).Whether your vision of her was disoriented by the illusions of c hildhood or because she was once sober and capable of being your mother in all aspects -remember that no longer is she physically, mentally, or emotionally that warm, loving mother that you remember and cherish so dearly. Once upon a time my mother spent the better part of her minimum wage paycheck to throw me the best birthday party a six year-old little girl could ever dream of having. It was a Walt Disney princess party and she bought costumes so that a few of my friends and I could dress up like princesses from all the different Disney fairytale movies. Of course I was my favorite princess of all time, Princess Jasmine from Aladdin. For the past three years now my mom hasn’t even called to acknowledge my passing birthdays. It used to be excruciating for me to think how she could just forget me, her daughter, her â€Å"Midge† like I was some old doll she discarded, but realize, as you must to find peace with yourself as well as with her, that she is a slave to the drug, which she no longer does occasionally to have fun. Remember, it is her every concern, her every thought, her only true love, her last lust, and her best friend. It has made her the mindless, cold-hearted b**** she is today. It does not justify that she chose it over you, but it helps you understand her ignorant behavior towards you. No matter what lies she spits at you through clenched teeth don’t believe her. No matter how much you want to, how much you need to, never let yourself trust her. The last time I let myself trust my mommy was when she was staying at my house with my dad, my brother, and I. She had nowhere else to go and she begged for us to help her, claiming that she wanted to change. Being the generous man he is, my dad let her stay with us even though just a few months earlier she had forged stolen checks from my grandmother, her mother. At first it seemed like she was really trying to recover and I had thought ‘maybe hitting rock bottom was what she needed all along’. I guess we caught her before she got the chance to hit that rock bottom though, because after less than a month she was staying out late with our car. One night she came back around two-thirty in the a.m. and I was still up, unable to sleep without knowing she was safe. When she finally found her way into the ho use and up to my bedroom she was talking to me so fast that before she could finish a full sentence she’d stat a new one. I knew right away that she had fooled us all. Aggravated, I interrupted her so I could ask her if she knew where my cell phone charger was since she had taken it upon herself to clean my room. After she searched my room she turned to me and said excitedly, â€Å"Oh I know, you probably put it in your pants pocket when you went out with Tori earlier!† I just stared at her not realizing she was serious until she repeated herself. My cell phone charger wouldn’t even fit in my pocket, not to mention I hadn’t hung out with my best friend Tori in two days. I felt my throat constricting and I swear I could hear my entire world crashing all around me. Those annoying water droplets crept into my eyes and I just slammed the door shut in her cracked out face. When I told my dad that she came home high he didn’t want to believe it, asking m e how I knew she was high and saying he wasn’t going to jump to conclusions. Nine days later he discovered she had been stealing blank checks from his checkbook and was writing them out to herself, forging his name. Not only did he believe me, but he kicked her out. I guess when a conviction from your daughter isn’t enough, the missing eleven hundred dollars will do it. You cannot trust her because she is a crack head and they will lie, cheat, and steal so long as they can continue getting their fix. She’ll most definitely apologize. She’ll most definitely apologize while pretending to be sincere about it. She’ll most definitely tell you what you want to hear. She’ll most definitely feign that what you want for her is what she desires for herself. She’ll most definitely leave you to drown in your black mascara-filled tears of regret. Regret for ever letting her back into your life. Most definitely after she leaves you she’ll ac t as if everything is picture perfect when she next sees you. She’ll walk away with more than the eleven hundred dollars she robbed – she’ll walk away with the pieces of your broken heart. As a method of self-preservation you should be extremely cautious of your fragile heart when in her presence both physically and spiritually. Shield your heart from her evil ways, but don’t let it keep you from loving her. Even though she has stripped you of every emotion you have ever felt in your entire life and stolen your adolescence you should try to find within yourself forgiveness. It may take a great deal of self-exploration for you to be ready and willing to forgive her, but it just might be the most critical factor in the equation to attaining peace and tranquility between yourself and your mommy. You don’t have to forget all the tragedies she has forced onto you, but you most certainly don’t have to live your life hating her either. Forgiving her does not excuse the pain she has put you through because no reasons can ever justify her actions, but at least you can sleep with a clear conscience. You can lay your head on your soft feather pillow and let yourself drift into a deep sleep without asking yourself in a hundred different ways how you can hurt her like she has hurt you. Truth is you can’t. The damage she has caused you is absolutely irreversible, but you can learn and strengthen from it. My distress with my mother has taught me to protect myself by admitting the problem, preserving her innocence in my mind, and never trusting her until she is noticeably sober because she needs to pass the test of time before I award her my trust. To attain utter relief, forgive her, be at harmony with her. Wallowing in self-pity will not help you in fact I believe it will weaken you. The only thing that I can be positively certain of is that you need to unearth for yourself how to deal with your crack head mother because if you don’t she’ll just use you time and time again.

Business Writing vs. Academic Writing

Business Writing vs. Academic Writing Recent college graduates often struggle with the difference between academic and business writing. The University of Houston’s Academic Center recently published a good article that delineated key differences: Writing at work focuses on problem solving. Work-related writing targets multiple audiences with different perspectives. Writing at work may be read by unknown readers. Writing produced at work can be used indefinitely and can be used in legal proceedings. The format for work documents varies greatly from the format for academic documents. There is one other very significant difference not listed in this article: business writing needs to be clear and concise. Academic writing, by contrast, is more often focused on development of thought, and length is encouraged. Students are often rewarded with higher grades if a paper is longer, uses an impressive vocabulary, and/or complex sentence structure. Business writing is different: one should write to express, not impress. This does not at all mean business writing should be â€Å"dumbed down.† Writing clean, short documents is harder. As Blaise Pascal wisely stated, â€Å"I’m sorry this letter is so long. I did not have time to make it shorter.†

Strategic Management - business environment - success Case Study

Strategic Management - business environment - success - Case Study Example The second section will take a look at the internal and external situation of the company through the employment of a SWOT analysis. The strategies employed by a business organisation are strongly influenced by its leaders. The strategic direction and path taken by the company is always dependent on the leadership style, personality, and experience of its decision makers. This fact is highly exemplified in the operation of Stakis Plc. Since its inception to its course of operation, the company has been run by four distinct leaders which pursued different strategies in order to take the company forward. These leaders are Reo Stakis, Andors Stakis, Sir Lewis Robertson and David Michels. Roe Stakis laid the foundation of Stakis Plc by the opening of a restaurant in Glasgow in 1947. This move during a period of "severe and continuing austerity" in an "industrial city which carried over an unattractive image from the interwar period" seems to be irrational at the moment. However, it showed the leader's Reo Stakis' optimism and the determination to offer his products in spite of the external challenges and difficulties. Reo's distinct optimism and determination fuel the growth of the company and its venture to other types of businesses. It can be seen that during his reign as the chairman of the Stakis Plc, the company has gone beyond the restaurant business into other sectors such as hotels, casinos, property and finance. The growth strategy employed by Reo can be further anlysed through the use of the Ansoff Matrix. The Ansoff's Matrix is a tool in strategic management which is utilised in order to aid in deciding the product and market growth strategy of a company. According to this tool, the strategies employed by a business organisation can be categorised according to the products offered and markets targeted. Strategies are classified as market penetration, market development, product development and diversification (Thomson and Strickland 2002). Analysing the growth strategy employed by Reo Stakis in the light of the Ansoff Matrix, it can be noted that the founder has ventured both into product development and diversification strategies. Unsatisfied as a restaurateur, he also offered lodging and recreation services to his tourists and business clients by opening hotels and casinos. This move can be described as a product development and related diversification strategy. By venturing into the leisure and hotel industries, the company is offers new products to its current market and also hopes to attract new ones. This is also evidenced by the company's rapid expansion into new geographical regions in the United Kingdom. The decision of Stakis Plc to venture into the property and financial sector is an unrelated diversification strategy. With this decision, the company moves beyond its previous business scope. It is also notable that the company's expansion strategy is often furthered through the acquisition of other firms. W ith the leadership Reo, Stakis Plc has acquired D&A Haddow and St. Ermin's Hotel. When deciding to operate in an unrelated industry, the company does not establish its own brand but seems to be more